‹ Showcase الزُّمَر Ayat 1–75 (Complete)

Surah Az-Zumar · 39:1–75 (Complete Surah)

Ask why each word is there

Go through the first thirty-five ayat one at a time. Look at each word, then think about why Allah chose that word, that form, and that order.

  1. 1Read the ayah. Read the Arabic and the meaning.
  2. 2Tap each word. See its meaning, its job in the sentence, its ending, and its root.
  3. 3Answer the questions. Try to answer yourself first. Then open the answer.

The questions follow the classical way of linguistic Quranic reflection: ask why this word, why this form, why this order. The answers are concise, clear study notes.

Start with ayah 1 →

What you need to know first

Three basic ideas explain most of what you will see.

1. The ending shows the job

The last vowel of a noun changes with its job in the sentence. The colors on each ayah follow this.

EndingNameUsed forExample
-uMarfu'Subject, doerأَرَادَ ٱللَّهُ Allah wanted
-aMansubObject, state, noun after إِنَّفَٱعْبُدِ ٱللَّهَ so worship Allah
-iMajrurAfter a preposition, or the "of" wordمِنَ ٱللَّهِ from Allah
—Fi'lVerb (action word)أَنزَلْنَا We sent down
—Harf / mabniSmall words and pronouns that do not changeإِلَيْكَ to you

2. Most words come from three root letters

The root carries the core meaning. Words from the same root share that meaning.

RootCore meaningWords in these ayat
ن ز لto come downتَنزِيل · أَنزَلْنَا
خ ل صto be pure, unmixedمُخْلِص · خَالِص
ح ك مto judge, to be wiseحَكِيم · يَحْكُمُ

3. The form adds meaning to the root

The same root in a different shape gives a different shade of meaning. These are the forms and patterns used here.

ShapeWhat it usually addsHere
Form II فَعَّلَdoing it again and again, or step by step; making someone do itتَنزِيل · يُقَرِّبُ
Form IV أَفْعَلَmaking something happenأَنزَلَ · مُخْلِص · أَرَادَ
Form VIII اِفْتَعَلَdoing it for yourselfٱتَّخَذُوا · ٱصْطَفَى · يَخْتَلِفُونَ
فَعِيلa lasting qualityعَزِيز · حَكِيم
فَاعِلthe one who does itخَالِص · كَاذِب · وَاحِد
فَعَّالdoes it a lotكَفَّار · قَهَّار

Directory of Ayat (1–75 Complete)

Select any ayah to study its word breakdown, grammar endings, and questions.